Neanderthals setting fire

Neanderthals sitting around a fireplace making stone tools. Artist's view of life 60000 years ago.

Image taken from NASA website, it has no copyright.

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What was our relationship with the neanderthals?

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Photo: Paleolithic Sahinkaya Cave

Sahinkaya Cave (in the rocky hill).
©Photo: Berkay Dincer

Photo: Destruction of treasure hunters in Sahinkaya Cave

Destruction of treasure hunters in Sahinkaya Cave (Bursa).
©Photo: Berkay Dinçer

Photo: Paleolithic stone tools from Gorukle

Paleolithic stone tools from Gorukle.
©Photo: Berkay Dinçer

Photo: Middle Paleolithic find spot of Gorukle-Bursa

Middle Paleolithic find spot of Gorukle (Bursa).
©Photo: Berkay Dinçer

Photo: Levallois core from Gorukle (NW Turkey)

Levallois core from Gorukle (NW Turkey).
©Photo: Berkay Dinçer

Paleolithic Cultures in Bursa (NW Turkey)

Two new Paleolithic sites located in the southern Marmara region of Northwest Anatolia – the Şahinkaya cave and an open air site at the Uludağ University campus, Bursa – are discussed, contributing substantially to the as yet meagre number of archaeologically attested Pleistocene activities in Turkey. The lithic assemblages from the Şahinkaya cave as well as from the Uludağ University campus (Gorukle) prove (at least) Middle Paleolithic activities.

This summary has also been published in

Şahin, M., B. Dinçer, T. Zimmermann, 2009

"Neue Fundlätze des Älteren Paläolithikums bei Bursa in Nordwestanatolien (Türkei)", Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 2009/2: 153-162.

Bibliography: Paleolithic Cultures in Bursa (NW Turkey)

This is bibliography of cited references for, Paleolithic Cultures in Bursa (NW Turkey).

Arsebük, G., 1993

"Yarımburgaz, A Lower Paleolithic Cave Site Near Istanbul", Between the Rivers and Over The Mountains, M. Frangipiane, H. Hauptman, M. Liverani, D. Matthiac, M. Mellink (eds.), Roma, Gruppo Editoriale Internazionale: 23-36.

Arsebük, G., 1998a

"A Review of the Current Status of Pleistocene Archaeology in Turkey", G. Arsebük, M. Mellink and W. Schirmer (eds.), Light on Top of the Black Hill, Ege Yayınları, İstanbul: 71-76.

Arsebük, G., 1998b

"Yarımburgaz Mağarası; Pleistosen Arkeolojisi İle İlgili Son Çalışmalara 1997, Gözüyle Özet Bir Bakış", Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Arkeoloji Dergisi 1: 9-25.

Arsebük, G., M. Özbaşaran, 1999

"Pleistocene Archaeology at the Cave of Yarımburgaz in Eastern Thrace/Turkey: Preliminary Results", G. N. Bailey, E. Adam, E. Panagopoulou, C. Perlès, K. Zachos (eds.), The Palaeolithic Archaeology of Greece and Adjacent Areas, British School of Archaeology, Athens: 59-72.

Bar-Yosef, O, A. Belfer-Cohen, 2001

"From Africa to Eurasia - early dispersals", Quaternary International 75/1: 19-28.

Dinçer, B., M. Başlar, 2006

"Bursa'nın Tarihöncesi ve BAY Projesi", http://paleoberkay.atspace.com/turkce/bursaarkeoloji.html, 20.05.2008.

Dinçer, B., L. Slimak, 2007

"The Paleolithic of Turkish Thrace; Synthesis and Recent Results", Turkish Academy of Sciences Journal of Archaeology (TÜBA-Ar) 10: 49-61.

Map: Lower Paleolithic sites in Turkey

Map of known Lower Paleolithic sites in Turkey.

©Map: Berkay Dinçer

Map: Paleolithic sites in northwestern Turkey

Map of Paleolithic sites in northwestern Turkey discovered by Berkay
Dincer or research teams included him, from 2000 to 2009.
(not including other Paleolithic sites in the region)

©Map: Berkay Dinçer

Map showing:

1. Yatak (found by B. Dinçer in year 2000, Lower Paleolithic, Tekirdag)
2. Balıtepe (found by B. Dinçer in year 2005, Lower Paleolithic, Tekirdag)
3. Kuşçesme (found by B. Dinçer in year 2005, Lower Paleolithic, Tekirdag)
4. Çakmaklı (found by B. Dinçer & O. Özbudak in year 2006, Lower-Middle Paleolithic, Istanbul)
5. Omartepe Sırtı (found by B. Dinçer in year 2006, Middle Paleolithic, Kütahya)
6. Akçeşme (found by B. Dinçer in year 2007, Lower Paleolithic, Tekirdag)
7. Şahinkaya Cave (found by M. Şahin & B. Dinçer in year 2007, Middle Paleolithic, Bursa)
8. Görükle  (found by B. Dinçer in year 2008, Middle Paleolithic, Bursa)
9. Belen Tepe (found by M. Şahin & B. Dinçer in year 2009, Lower-Middle Paleolithic,Bursa)
10. Gavurevleri (found by M. Şahin & B. Dinçer in year 2009, Middle Paleolithic, Bursa)
11. Manyas (found by S. Çağlar & B. Dinçer in year 2007, Middle Paleolithic, Balıkesir)

Publications about those sites:

Dinçer, B., L. Slimak,
2007, "The Paleolithic of Turkish Thrace: Synthesis and Recent Results", Turkish Academy of Sciences Archaeology Journal (TÜBA-Ar) X: 49-61. (YATAK-KUSTEPE-BALITEPE) (more publications in Turkish can be reached on this link: http://paleoberkay.atspace.com/berkaydincer.html)

Dinçer, B., 2008
"Kuzeybatı Türkiye'de Orta Paleolitik Çağ'la İlgili Yeni Keşifler", III. Ulusal Biyolojik Antropoloji Sempozyumu, Ankara (27-29 Ekim 2008). (AKCESME-CAKMAKLI-OMARTEPE SIRTI-GORUKLE-SAHİNKAYA CAVE)

Şahin, M., B. Dinçer, T. Zimmermann, 2009
"Neue Fundplätze des Älteren Paläolithikums bei Bursa in nordwestenanatolien (Türkei)", Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 39/2: 153-162. (SAHİNKAYA CAVE-GORUKLE)

Mousterian lithic industry

Mousterian stone tools from Musée prehistoire d'Orgnac, Ardeche, France.

©Photo: Berkay Dinçer

Mousterian Culture

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Map: Paleolithic Eastern Europe

 

Map of Paleolithic sites in Central and East Europe. 

White line: limit of the glaciers, 

Dark green line: Mountains,

Dark blue: Rivers,

Light blue: low and high sea-levels

© Berkay Dinçer

Produced upon a digital image of a Europe map.